If you are looking to verify how a user is logging into Windows then you can do this from Entra, if you locate the user and then look for the Sign-in Logs section:
This will show you all the sign-in logs as below:
Add a filter, then choose Application then enter "Windows Sign In" (without quotes) then click Apply:
This will then only filter for events that correlate to a Windows login event:
You can now open one of those events some of the events will not contain authentication data under the Authentication option like this:
Note : If you have a Federated domain then Authentication will always be blank, as the authentication is not done by Entra but by the Federated service.
This is a reliable way to tracking the method used but the outcome, just a nice to know if you did not already.
Note : The logs are recorded in UTC - which can also be referred to as Zulu (Z) time, in this example, I am in the UK during summer time, this means we are in BST of +1 hour - therefore a login event at 11:12 AM - would show in the logs as 10:12 AM